Rubeus is a C# toolset for raw Kerberos interaction and abuses.
Rubeus addresses the need to perform low-level Kerberos operations and exploitation techniques by providing direct access to Kerberos protocol mechanics. The tool enables users to interact with Kerberos authentication systems at a granular level, supporting activities like ticket manipulation, credential extraction, and delegation abuse. It implements functionality for Kerberoasting, PKINIT authentication, resource-based constrained delegation, and PAC encoding and decoding, allowing operators to work with Kerberos tickets and tokens in ways that standard authentication flows do not expose.
The tool is designed for security researchers, penetration testers, and red teamers who need to test Kerberos security in Active Directory environments. It suits scenarios where direct protocol-level testing is required, such as assessing delegation vulnerabilities, extracting service account credentials, or validating Kerberos hardening measures. Rubeus is particularly valuable in environments where understanding and exploiting Kerberos weaknesses is part of a security assessment.
The project maintains active development with regular updates addressing new Kerberos attack vectors and edge cases. The codebase incorporates contributions from multiple security researchers who have added specialized functionality such as PKINIT support and resource-based constrained delegation techniques. The tool benefits from ongoing refinement of its ASN.1 parsing, PAC handling, and ticket manipulation capabilities based on community feedback and emerging research.
